DETAILED CONTENTS

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO FERROCEMENT

Ferrocement: Definition and Historical Background / Introduction / Definition by ACI Committee 549 / Suggested Revised Definition / Applications of Ferrocement - Marine - Terrestrial - Repair and Rehabilitation / Constituent Materials of Ferrocement - Cement Based Matrix: Composition and Compressive Strength - Skeletal Steel - Mesh Reinforcement / Distinct Characteristics of Ferrocement versus Reinforced Concrete - Physical - Mechanical - Processing / Manufacturing - Maintenance and Repair / Similarities Between Ferrocement and Reinforced Concrete/ Volume Fraction of Reinforcement - Square or Rectangular Meshes - Example: Square Mesh - Any Mesh - Example: Expanded Metal Mesh - FRP Meshes - Example: FRP Mesh / Specific Surface of Reinforcement - Example: Reinforced Concrete versus Ferrocement / Distinctive Behavior of Ferrocement in Tension - Cracking and Multiple Cracking Behavior - Maximum Elongation at Failure - Stress at First Cracking - Influence of Specific Surface of Reinforcement / Apparent Modulus of the Mesh System / Ferrocement: a Composite and a Member of the Structural Concrete Family / Ferrocement versus Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites / Ferrocement as a Laminated Composite / Advantages of Ferrocement as a Construction Material.

Chapter 2 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FERROCEMENT AS OBSERVED FROM TESTS

Introduction / Tensile Properties / First Cracking / Elastic Modulus In Tension / Uncracked Member / Cracked Member / Bending - Typical Behavior - Observations and Conclusions / Fatigue under Bending / Shear / Design for Shear / Compression / Impact – Impermeability / Leakage / Fire Resistance / Durability / Criteria for Selection and Use of Ferrocement.

Chapter 3 MODELING THE TENSILE RESPONSE OF FERROCEMENT AND OTHER BRITTLE MATRIX COMPOSITES WITH CONTINUOUS FIBERS

General Assumptions and Notation / Uncracked Tensile Member: Basic Mechanisms and Modeling / Stresses in Fiber and Matrix within Transition Length - Distance at which Equal Strains Occur: Transfer Distance - Stresses in Matrix and Reinforcement beyond the Transfer Distance - Load and Stresses at First Matrix Cracking - Minimum Volume Fraction of Reinforcement / Example: Uncracked Tensile Member - SI System - US System / Cracked Tensile Member: Basic Mechanisms and Modeling - Stresses in Matrix and Reinforcement at a Cracked Section - Stresses Between Two Cracks - Stresses at Yield and Ultimate - Minimum, Maximum, and Average Crack Spacing - Average Stress in Reinforcement and Matrix - Average Crack Width / Example: Cracked Ferrocement Tensile Member - SI System - US System / Experimental Observations Supporting Cracking Theory / Maximum Crack Width In Ferrocement Tensile Elements: ACI Guide Approach - US System - SI System - Example: Crack Width Using ACI Recommended Method / Elastic Modulus: Cracked and Uncracked Member - Uncracked Member - Upper Bound Solution - Cracked Member: Absolute Lower Bound Solution - Cracked Member: Suggested Approximate General Solution / Example: Prediction of Composite Stress-Strain Response - SI System - US System / Basic Properties as Random Variables / Particular Remarks for Ferrocement.

Chapter 4 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FERROCEMENT IN BENDING

Notation / Differences in the Analysis/Design of Ferrocement with Conventional Reinforced Concrete / Proposed Remedies / Effective Area of Reinforcement / Typical Moment-Curvature Response / Analysis Methods for Bending under Service Loads - Flexure Formula: Uncracked Section - Transformed Area Method for the Cracked Section - Equilibrium and Compatibility Method for the Cracked Section - Moment versus Deflection Curve / Example: Cracked Section by the Transformed Area Method (SI System) - Welded Wire Mesh Reinforcement - Expanded Steel Mesh Reinforcement / Example: Cracked Section by the Transformed Area Method (US System) - Welded Wire Mesh Reinforcement - Expanded Steel Mesh Reinforcement / Analysis Methods for Nominal Bending Resistance - Compatibility Method Similar to Reinforced Concrete Columns - Example: Mn by the Compatibility Method (SI System) - Simplified Method Based on All Tensile Reinforcement Yielding - Example: Mn Assuming All Tensile Reinforcement Yielding (SI System) - Simplified Method Using Plastic Moment - Example: Mn Using Plastic Moment (SI System) - Simplified Method Using Design Chart or Prediction Equation - Example: Mn Using Prediction Equation (SI System) - Remarks on the Use of Simplified Methods / Additional Examples of Nominal Bending Resistance Using the Simplified Methods (SI System) - Using the Plastic Moment Approach - Using the Design Chart or Prediction Equation Approach - Using the All Tensile Reinforcement Yields Approach / Predictions of Crack Widths in Bending - Static or Monotonic Loading - Cyclic Fatigue Loading - Example: Crack Width in Bending / Equivalent Elastic Bending Strength (MOR) and Correlation with Tensile Strength - Modulus of Rupture (MOR) - Example: MOR Using Prediction Equation (SI System) - MOR versus Tensile Strength - Example: Ratio of Bending to Tensile Strength / Computation of Deflections - Deflection of Simply Supported Uncracked and Cracked Beams - Moment Deflection Relation / Concluding Remarks.

Chapter 5 PRACTICAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

Design Philosophy / General Design Approaches - USD, LSD, or LRFD - WSD or ASD / Design Approaches Applied to Ferrocement / Practical Design Guidelines to Insure Good Serviceability - Allowable Stresses under Maximum Service Load - Maximum Crack Width - Fatigue Life - Durability and Corrosion - Deflection Limitations / Practical Design Parameters for Ferrocement / Guidelines for Good Construction / Design Example: Tensile Element - Water Tank Wall / Design Example: Bending Element - Floor Sandwich Panel / Concluding Remarks.

Chapter 6 CONSTRUCTION - FABRICATION OF FERROCEMENT

Introduction / Mortar Placement / Construction Methods - Skeletal Armature Method - Closed Mold Method - Integral Mold Method - Open Mold Method / Special Manufacturing Techniques / Ferrocement Element versus Structure / Protective Surface Treatments / Current Reaches with and Notable Structures of Ferrocement.

Chapter 7 TESTING FOR REINFORCEMENT AND COMPOSITE PROPERTIES

Introduction / Recommended Tests - Compressive Strength and Static Modulus of Elasticity of Mortar - Tensile Test of the Mesh Reinforcement - Tensile Test of Ferrocement - Bending Test of Ferrocement / Efficiency Factor of Reinforcement - ho from Direct Tensile Tests - ho from Bending Tests with One Layer of Mesh - ho from Bending Tests with Several Layers of Mesh - Discussion Related to sry and Er - Test Sequence / Recommended Values for ho, sry and Er / Example of Computation of Er, hL, and sru from a Tensile Test / Example of Computation of Mesh Yield Strength, sry - Using a Composite Tensile Test - Using a Composite Bending Test / Example of Computation of Mesh Elastic Modulus from a Bending Test.

Chapter 8 COST ESTIMATES OF TYPICAL FERROCEMENT COMPOSITES

Introduction / Description of Cost Survey / Comparative Cost Results / Building and Construction Cost Indexes - Definition - Cost Correlation to the Present - Relative Importance of Labor and Materials Costs / Examples of Gross Cost Estimates Based on Past Experience / Remarks on Cost Reduction Measures.

Chapter 9 FERROCEMENT IN HOUSING AND RELATED APPLICATIONS

Introduction / Background: Ferrocement Housing Systems / Example of Ferrocement Panelized Housing System / System Criteria - Basis of Study- Panel System Developed - Types of Joints or Connections - Shear Type Joint - Moment Type Joint / Ferrocement Sandwich Panels / Manufactured Housing: Engineering Vision and Consumer’s Dream / Monolithic Ferrocement Auditorium / Ferrocement Water Tanks / Sunscreens / Concluding Remarks.

Chapter 10 ADVANCED MATERIALS AND CONCEPTS

Advanced or High Performance Materials // Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Meshes - Introduction - Significance - Advantages and Drawbacks - Type and Availability - Cost Considerations - Examples of FRP Meshes Tested - Test Parameters of Experimental Investigation - Typical Results - Influence of Number of Mesh Layers or Vr - Loading-Unloading Response - Effect of Production Process - Effect of Using Meshes with Low Elastic Modulus - Effect of Using a Fiber Mat - Conclusions on the Use of FRP Meshes with Conventional Cement Mortar Matrices // Hybrid Composites - Justification - Experimental Results - Effect of Adding Discontinuous Fibers with PVA Mesh - Effect of Adding Discontinuous Fibers with Carbon Mesh - Effect of Adding Discontinuous Fibers with Kevlar and Spectra Meshes - Conclusions on Using Hybrid Composites // Three-Dimensional (3-D) Meshes / Advanced Matrices - Inorganic Matrices - Concrete Polymer Composites // Self-Stressing Composites Motivation - Methods of Prestressing and Self-Stressing - Definition of Deformation Controlled Recovery Property (DCRP) - Why Self-Stressing Cementitious Composites and What Can Be Expected? - Advantages of Self-Stressing - Analytical Formulation - Typical Analytical Results - Experimental Results to Demonstrate the Concept / Concluding Remarks.

Chapter 11 PROSPECTS FOR FERROCEMENT MATERIALS, APPLICATIONS, AND TECHNOLOGY

Research Trends in Construction Materials / Prospects for Ferrocement Materials, Applications and Technology.

APPENDIX A: NOTATION

Notation: English Letters / Notation: Greek Letters / Abbrebiations / Abbreviations for Professional Organizations

APPENDIX B: UNIT CONVERSIONS

APPENDIX C: REFERENCES

General References - Symposia Proceedings on Ferrocement - Books - Background References - Sources of Information / References by Chapter // Close to 400 references in all.

APPENDIX D: STANDARD MESHES, WIRES AND BARS

APPENDIX E: COMMON FORMULAS FOR BEAMS

INDEX